l rhamnosus gg atcc 53103 b longum subsp infantis ∘ l casei b breve ∘ l rhamnosus l acidophilus l casei b longum subsp infantis b bifidum b longum subsp longum ∘ l acidophilus b longum subsp infantis ∘ l acidophilus b bifidum ∘ l rhamnosus gg atcc 53103 b longum reuter atcc baa  (ATCC)

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐1 Signaling on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Accelerates Atherosclerosis in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040687

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , Schematic for LCWE‐ induced KD mouse model and tamoxifen‐inducible VSMC‐specific IL‐1 receptor (Il1r1) knockout mice ( Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ ) to study acceleration of atherosclerosis. B , Aorta en face lesion coverage representative and ( C ), quantification of Oil Red O staining from tamoxifen‐induced l1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with either PBS or LCWE. D , Picture of aortic arch in LCWE injected Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ mice and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT mice. E , Representative of Oil Red O staining and ( F ) Quantification of lesion area in aortic sinus and ( G ) Lipid content in lesion area from tamoxifen‐treated l1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with either PBS or LCWE. Data represented as mean value±SEM. n=14–20/group. H , Total serum cholesterol level. * P ≤0.05; ** P ≤0.01; *** P ≤0.001. IL‐1 indicates interleukin‐1; KD, Kawasaki disease; LCWE, Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract; TAM, tamoxifen diet; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell; WD, Western diet; and WT, wildtype.

Article Snippet: Five‐week‐old Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ male mice and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT male mice were intraperitoneally injected with 400 μg of Group B L. casei (ATCC 11578) cell wall extraction (LCWE) in 200 μL of PBS or PBS alone (controls) to induce KD cardiovascular lesions (aortitis, coronary arteritis) as described previously.

Techniques: Knock-Out, Staining, Control, Injection, Western Blot

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐1 Signaling on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Accelerates Atherosclerosis in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040687

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , Representative images and ( B ) Quantification of hematoxylin and eosin staining for necrotic core and fibrous cap from tamoxifen‐induced l1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with either PBS or LCWE. C , Representative images and ( D ) Quantification of Masson staining for collagen content from tamoxifen‐induced l1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with either PBS or LCWE. Scale bars: 500 μm. E , Immunofluorescent staining for F4/80 (red) and caspase‐1 activity (FLICA, green) in atherosclerotic lesions from Tamoxifen‐induced l1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with either PBS or LCWE. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. The arrows show the positive cells. F , Quantification of F4/80 positive cells in aortic sinus lesions. G , Quantification of active caspase‐1 positive and F4/80 positive cells in lesion. Data represented as mean value±SEM. n=14–20/group. Significance was determined using 2‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni's posttest ( B , D , F ) and unpaired Student's t test ( G ). * P ≤0.05; ** P ≤0.01; *** P ≤0.001. LCWE indicates Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell; and WT, wildtype.

Article Snippet: Five‐week‐old Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ male mice and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT male mice were intraperitoneally injected with 400 μg of Group B L. casei (ATCC 11578) cell wall extraction (LCWE) in 200 μL of PBS or PBS alone (controls) to induce KD cardiovascular lesions (aortitis, coronary arteritis) as described previously.

Techniques: Staining, Control, Injection, Activity Assay

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐1 Signaling on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Accelerates Atherosclerosis in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040687

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunofluorescent staining for ( A ) CD31 (green), VCAM‐1 (red); ( B ) CD31 (green), ICAM‐1 (red); ( C ) Quantification of VCAM staining in atherosclerotic lesions from Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with LCWE; ( D ) Quantification of ICAM staining in aortic sinus lesions from Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with LCWE (n=6/group). Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bars: 200 μm. E , Serums were collected from Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT mice injected with LCWE. CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL1 levels were measured by ELISA (n=16–20/group). Data represented as mean value±SEM. Significance was determined using unpaired Student's t test. * P ≤0.05; ** P ≤0.01; *** P ≤0.001. CCL2 indicates monocyte chemotaxis protein‐1; CCL5, chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 5; CXCL1, C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 1; ICAM‐1, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1; LCWE, Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract; SMC, smooth muscle cell; VCAM‐1, vascular cell adhesion protein‐1; and WT, wildtype.

Article Snippet: Five‐week‐old Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ male mice and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT male mice were intraperitoneally injected with 400 μg of Group B L. casei (ATCC 11578) cell wall extraction (LCWE) in 200 μL of PBS or PBS alone (controls) to induce KD cardiovascular lesions (aortitis, coronary arteritis) as described previously.

Techniques: Staining, Control, Injection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Chemotaxis Assay

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐1 Signaling on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Accelerates Atherosclerosis in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040687

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , Schematic for LCWE‐induced KD mouse model and tracing of CD45.2 and CD45.1 monocytes/macrophages from tamoxifen‐induced Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with LCWE. B , Immunofluorescent staining for macrophages (F4/80, red) and CD45.1 (green) in atherosclerotic sinus lesions from Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with LCWE. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bars: 200 μm. C , Quantification of CD45.1 positive macrophages in aortic sinus lesion (n=8–9). D , Immunofluorescent staining for macrophages (F4/80, red) and CD45.2 (green) in atherosclerotic sinus lesions from Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT control mice injected with LCWE. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bars: 200 μm (n=8–9). E , Quantification of CD45.2 positive macrophages in aortic sinus lesion (n=8–9). F , Live CD11b+ cells were reduced in Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ compared with Il1r1 SMC WT/WT mice (n=4/group). G – I , Both CD45.1 and CD45.2 CD11b+ macrophages and monocytes in the aorta were significantly less abundant in the Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ group compared with Il1r1 SMC WT/WT group (n=4/group). Data represented as mean value±SEM. * P ≤0.05; ** P ≤0.01. VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells. BM indicates bone marrow; KD, Kawasaki disease; LCWE, Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; MHCII, major histocompatibility complex class II; TAM, tamoxifen diet; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell; WD, Western diet; and WT, wildtype.

Article Snippet: Five‐week‐old Il1r1 SMC Δ/Δ male mice and Il1r1 SMC WT/WT male mice were intraperitoneally injected with 400 μg of Group B L. casei (ATCC 11578) cell wall extraction (LCWE) in 200 μL of PBS or PBS alone (controls) to induce KD cardiovascular lesions (aortitis, coronary arteritis) as described previously.

Techniques: Control, Injection, Staining, Fluorescence, Immunopeptidomics, Western Blot